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| Basic Facts:
Government: parliamentary democracy Area: 93,030 square km/35,919 square miles (area is slightly smaller than the state of Indiana) Population: 10,300,000; 5 million Hungarians live beyond the borders around the world including Tucson, Arizona. Capital: Budapest Climate: temperate Language: Hungarian, a Finno-Ugric language; other languages: German, Slovakian, Romanian Literacy rate: 99.4% Religion: Roman Catholic-majority; Protestant; Jewish Major rivers: Danube (Duna), Tisza Largest lake: Balaton Border countries: North, Slovakia; Northeast, Ukraine; East, Romania; South, Serbia and Montenegro, Croatia; Southwest, Croatia, Slovenia; West, Austria. Industries: mining, metallurgy, textiles, construction materials, processed foods, pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles. Agriculture: wheat, corn, sunflower products, potatoes, sugar beets; beef, pork, poultry, dairy. Famous Hungarians enhancing our world: Béla Bartók, Adrien Brody, Robert Capa, Larry Csonka, George Cukor, Tony Curtis, Kristóf von Dohnányi, Antal Doráti, Krisztina Egerszegi, Joe Eszterhás, Charles Fleischmann, Mitzi Gaynor, Peter Carl Goldmark, Andy Grove, Agoston Haraszty, Mariska Hargitay, Leslie Howard, M. K. Kaposi, Béla Károly, Andre Kertesz, Karch Kiraly, Sandor Kocsis, Zoltan Kocsis, Zoltan Kodaly, Korda family, Bernie Kosar, Ernie Kovacs, Tom Lantos, Estee Lauder, Franz Liszt, Peter Lorre, Bela Lugosi, Eva Marton, George Olah, Eugene Ormandy, George Pataki, Joseph Pulitzer, Monica Seles, Ignac Semmelweis, Paul Simon, George Solti, George Soros, George Szell, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, Leo Szilard, Edward Teller, Laszlo Veres and Tom Volgy-Tucson, AZ;Andre Watts. Basic History : The Hungarian peoples settled in the Carpathian Basin around 896 AD. Hungary became a nation in 1000 with the coronation of its first king and saint, Stephen (István). In 1055 the first abbey was established on the shore of Lake Balaton at Tihany. With the invasion of the Mongolian Tatars in 1241 the country was decimated. After this devastation the country rose to prominence especially during the Renaissance under the leadership of King Matthias, 1458-1490. Again the country was occupied by the Turks starting in 1526 at Mohács which lasted for 150 years. Finally in 1686 Budapest was retaken and the Turks were not able to advance on to Vienna and Europe. Prince Ferenc Rákóczi II attempted, but failed, to gain freedom for the Hungarians from Hapsburg tyranny between 1703-1711. The revolution of 1848-1849 gained a short-lived freedom from the Hapsburgs with Lajos Kossuth as Governor. In the late 19th century compromise was reached with the Hapsburgs and the country prospered, especially industrially. Both World Wars brought loss to Hungary. The Peace Treaty of Trianon in 1920 reduced the area of Hungary by 2/3rds to what it is today and its population by 1/3rd. The year 1947 brought Bolshevik communist occupation until 1990, although the 1956 revolution eventually brought a more lenient “goulash Communism. Multi-party parliamentary democracy came into being in 1990. Hungary became a full member of NATO in 1999 and will be acceded to the EU in May 2004. Information compiled from: The CIA World Fact Book about Hungary, www.cia.gov/cia/publications Encyclopaedia Britannica The Hungary Page: www.hungary.org/users/hipcat Photos: ARS UNA Studio; Castle Hill-Ferenc Tulok, Night Budapest-MTI. |
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| by: Magy Arország |
| H u n g a r y |
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